Most of the stuff she says is in Yiddish -- the language spoken by many Eastern European Jews that is very close to Middle German and written with the Hebrew alphabet. Ted uses a few yiddish words here and there too. For example, a mensch is a really good/kind person, meshugana means crazy, a gonif is a thief. Try this link if you want to look stuff up: http://www.yiddishdictionaryonline.com/
A Kanahora I've heard used two ways -- as an "evil eye" or bad luck, or as a charm to ward off that badness. Not sure what language that's in exactly. It's not a Jewish thing per se just an old superstition from the pre-Christian era.