librarian2003 (librarian2003) wrote in weagardening, @ 2010-12-08 12:12:00 |
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Week 10
Here we are at week 10 and, somewhat ironically, it's The Garden in December. Our other topic is the plant of the week, Tea roses and Hybrid Tea roses.
The handout for the roses is here:
GARDENING FOR PLEASURE
Plant of the Week : Roses
Tea roses and Hybrid Tea roses
1 Tea Roses
Teas are so called because many discern in their blossoms the scent of a newly-opened sample of the choicest tea". Their supposed ancestry is R. chinensis x R. gigantea, the latter being a high-climbing Chinese rose with large primrose-coloured blossoms fading quickly to white.
The British introduced the first two cultivars to the West in 1810 and 1824; the French quickly began hybridizing with them. The spiralling starry form now usually associated with an unfurling rose bud derives from the Tea and, to a lesser extent, the China.
Teas are considered by many aficionados to have the most exquisite form and colour in the world of the Rose. The problem confronted by the French, however, was that the bushes producing these blossoms were frail (at least, in France and England), and the blossoms very susceptible to damage from the weather. Some took to growing them as greenhouse plants; others tried to improve the plant by cross-breeding. The most important crosses were with the Bourbons. This began a new race of Teas, most of which were quite unlike the old ones: large, vigorous, thick-limbed shrubs, often with perfectly healthy, beautiful glossy foliage.
The colours range throughout the rose palette (reds, pinks, whites, blushes, yellows, oranges), but most special to Teas are the colours of dawn: tones of gold, warm pink, and rose shading into each other, with delicate tints and highlightings.
Sadly many of the Tea roses so popular in the latter part of the nineteenth century are no longer with us. In this group are some truly beautiful roses and some with wonderful perfumes.
Cultivars
‘Alexander Hill Gray’ (‘Yellow Maman Cochet’) Lemon yellow, deepening as they mature. Very fragrant. 4 x 3’ DICKSON UK 1911
‘Anna Olivier’ Soft primrose with deeper centres. Well perfumed. 3 x 3’ DUCHER France 1872
‘Archiduc Joseph’ The full flowers consist of many petals, those at the outer edge seeming to fold back into almost perfect triangles whilst those at the centre remain untidy but neat. The colours are anything from yellow, through copper to strawberry and cherry and ultimately pink. They are borne in small clusters. The UK cultivar of this name is listed in America as ‘Mons. Tillier’ so some confusion exists. Repeat to continuous flowering. 5 x 3’ G. NABONNAND France 1872
‘Catherine Mermet’ With outer scrolled back petals around the inner whirl the shape of this rose is very Hybrid Tea like, in sherbet pink with hints of lemon at the centre. Perfumed. 4 x 3’ GUILLOT FILS France 1869
‘Duchesse de Brabant’ Flowers in often large clusters are variable shades of soft pink, fully double the petals have a tissue paper quality. 3 x 3’ BERNÈDE France 1857
‘Etoile de Lyon’ Double blooms are yellow to buff. Highly scented. Repeat flowering until late in the season. 2 x 2’ GUILLOT France 1881
‘Fortune’s Double Yellow’ (‘Beauty of Glazenwood’) Shaggy flowers are buff to yellow with hints of pink, semi double, displaying golden yellow anthers at their centres. This cultivar needs cosseting in the winter as it is not hardy. It can be grown as a small climber on a sheltered wall. Repeat flowering. May be a direct hybrid of some form of R. gigantea. 8 x 4’ DISCOVERED in China, in a Ningpo garden, and brought to Europe by Robert Fortune 1845
Gloire de Dijon, Outstanding scent, buff to orange flowers, this climbing tea is a cross of an unknown Tea (possibly Devoniensis) and Souvenir de la Malmaison, a Bourbon rose. Repeat flowering from early May to December. 12 x 8 feet’. Jacotot, France, 1853.
Homère Cream fully double blooms of crepe petals with strawberry blush on the tips. Good fragrance. 3 x 3’ Robert et Moreau, France 1858.
‘Lady Hillingdon’ Apricot yellow flowers. Very fragrant. Repeat to continuous flowering. Needs protection. Lady Hillingdon is sometimes attributed as an origin of the phrase "Lie back and think of England" (her Journal of 1912). 3 x 2’ LOWE AND SHAWYER UK 1910
‘Maman Cochet’ Blowsy flowers of shades of pink with lemon at the centre. A vigorous plant that is relatively free of thorns. Continuous flowering, a good specimen for a pot. 3 x 2’ COCHET France 1893
‘Mme Berkeley’ A mixture of salmon, apricot, pink and ochre. At first the blooms are high centred in Hybrid Tea style but open to show many petals in a muddled formation. Free flowering continuously over a long season on vigorous growth. 3 x 2’ BERNAIX France 1899
‘Mme. Bravy’ (Adèle Pradel’, ‘Mme de Serot’) Creamy white, double flowers with pink shadings have a strong tea rose perfume. Very floriferous. Continuous flowering.
0.9 x 0.6m 3 x 2’ GUILLOT PERE France 1846
‘Mme de Tartas’ One of the hardier Teas. Goblet shaped blooms of soft blush pink are full and sweetly perfumed. Used extensively in Victorian time in breeding programmes. 3 x 3’ BERNÈDE France 1859
‘Mme De Watteville’ Copper to soft yellow with pink tinges to the petal edges. Free flowering throughout the summer. 3 x 3’ GUILLOT FILS France 1883
‘Mme. Joseph Schwartz’ A white sport of ‘Duchesse de Brabant’ but double white flushed pink. 3 x 3’ J.SCHWARTZ France 1880
‘Mme Lombard’ Full flowers are of a salmon pink shade with deeper tones towards the centre. Continuous flowering. 3 x 3’ LACHARME France 1878
‘Mme Wagram’ (Comtesse de Turin’) Pinky red petals with yellow at their base make fully double almost muddled, scented flowers, appearing freely over a long season. A good rose for a pot. 3 x 3’ BERNAIX France 1895
‘Marie Van Houtte’ Cupped flowers are full, creams and yellows dominate with some pink but the colour changes with age, usually to a soft red to crimson. Scented. 3 x 2’ DUCHER France 1871
‘Mons. Tillier’ Reddish pink with yellow and purple tints, with age becoming more singularly toned. Continuous flowering. In countries outside the UK it is not unusual to obtain ‘Archiduc Joseph’ or even ‘Duchesse de Brabant’ under this name. 4 x 3’ BERNAIX France 1891
‘Mrs Foley Hobbs’ Attractive creamy white, fully double flowers with delicate pink edges to the petals are fragrant. Continuous blooming. 4 x 3’ DICKSON UK 1910
‘Rosette Delizy’ A brightly coloured rose with pinks, buffs and apricots Double but eventually opening relatively flat. Continuous flowering. 3 x 2’ P.NABONNAND France 1922
‘Safrano’ Semi-double with a coronet of anthers. Saffron yellow with shadows of buff deepens to apricot. Free flowering over a long season. 3 x 2’ BEAUREGARD France 1839
‘Souvenir d’Elise Vardon’ Fragrant, coppery-yellow with tones of cream. Scented. Needs protection in the garden. 3 x 2’ MAREST France 1855
‘Souvenir d’un Ami’ Fully double blooms of soft rose pink with salmon shading, at times in large quantity. Scented and repeat flowering. 8 x 4’ BÉLOT-DEFOUGÈRE France 1846
‘The Bride’ Shapely, double white flowers with a pink tinge to the edge of the petals. A sport of ‘Catherine Mermet’ to which it is very similar. 4 x 3’ MAY USA 1885
‘Tipsy Imperial Concubine’ Large blooms are a mixture of soft pink with shades of yellow and various shades of red. Free flowering over a long season. Thought to be an old Chinese garden cultivar and brought back from there by Hazel le Rougetel.
0.6 x 0.6m 2 x 2’ BEALES UK 1982
‘Triomphe de Luxembourg’ Large, goblet shaped flowers packed with reflexing petals, salmon pink with buff overtones. Scented and continuous flowering. 3 x 2’ HARDY France 1839
2 Hybrid Tea roses
Hybrid Teas combined the hardiness and vigour of the Hybrid Perpetual groups with the elegance, range of colours and scent of the Tea Roses.
The first Hybrid Tea 'La France’ was bred in 1867 in France, possibly from the Tea Rose 'Mme Bravy' and the Hybrid Perpetual 'Mme Victor Verdier'. An Englishman, Henry Bennett, was responsible for their further development and later introduction into America.
Early Hybrid Teas were almost sterile and were backcrossed to produce refined or pure types such as 'Ophelia' and 'Frau Karl Druschki'. These "Pure" Hybrid Teas were crossed with the Pernetiana group to produce a race of large-flowered, fairly hardy bedding roses which inherited the name of Hybrid Tea. A well known example is 'Peace' which was developed in France in 1935 and taken to America in 1940.
The H.T’s as we refer to them bear single large blooms on strong stems making them an ideal florists rose. This is an extremely large group of roses.
Cultivars
‘Alexander’ A very bright vermillion. Large flowers borne in quantity. 6’ x4’ HARKNESS UK 1972
‘Anna Pavlova’ Exceptionally fragrant. Large and full blooms of soft soapy pink, all summer long. 4 x 3’ BEALES UK 1981
‘Angèle Pernet’ Beautifully formed flowers of orange and yellow, heady fragrance and rich bronze foliage. Continuous flowering. 2’ x 2’ PERNET DUCHER France 1924
‘Apricot Silk’ Blowsy blooms, fragrant and clear apricot in colour. Cants 1975
‘Betty Uprichard’ A famous old highly-perfumed variety. Semi-double blooms in soft salmon pink with deeper reverse. 3 x 2’ DICKSON UK 1922.
‘Christian Dior’ Blooms of clear deep red. Not much scent. Continuous Flowering. An older variety that with a little molly coddling, can provide some superb blooms.
2 x2’ MEILLAND France 1958
‘Chrysler Imperial’ Very full, very fragrant, deep crimson-red fully double flowers. 2’ 6’’ x 2’ LAMMERTS Germany 1952.
‘Crimson Glory’ Large, globular blooms of deep velvety red, has a tendency to hang its head due largely to a rather weak neck. Very fragrant. Thorny. 2 x 2’ KORDES Germany 1935
‘Dainty Bess’ Five ripple-edged petals of soft pink and pronounced golden brown stamens form a lovely flower of large diameter, borne in clusters. Sweetly scented. 3 x 2’ ARCHER UK 1925.
‘Dame Edith Helen’ Large, very double, almost vivid pink blooms, on strong, erect stems. 3 x 2’ DICKSON UK 1926
‘Diamond Jubilee’ Large, fully double blooms of buff to apricot. Fragrant. Free flowering, good for cutting. A good choice for hedging. Healthy. 3 x 2’ 1947 BOERNER UK 1947
‘Elina’ (‘Peaudouce’) Large shapely flowers of soft yellow to ivory, freely produced over a long season. Slightly scented. 2’ 6’’x 2’ Dickson 1983
‘Ellen Willmott’ A charming, single with large wavy edged petals of cream and pink surrounding prominent golden anthers. Repeat flowering. 4 x 3’ ARCHER UK 1936
‘Etoile de Hollande Bush’ Highly scented blooms are large, globular and full. Rich velvety dark red. Fragrant. Repeat flowering. 2 x 2’ VERSCHUREN Netherlands 1919
‘Golden Melody’ Pale yellow to buff rose. double, one of the very best from the 1930’s. Highly scented. Repeat flowering. 2’ 6’’ x 2’ LA FLORIDA USA 1934
‘Grace Darling’ Shapely creamy-white fragrant flowers shaded with pink. One of the early H.T’s. Repeat flowering with dark greyish green foliage. 3 x 2’ BENNETT UK 1884
‘Grandmére Jenny’ Peach and golden-yellow, with tints of pink. Free flowering and healthy. A shapely rose with some scent. Along the lines of ‘Peace’. 2’6” x 2’ MEILLAND France 1950.
‘Grandpa Dickson’ A good yellow with, large, exhibition size blooms, freely over a long season. 2’ 6’’ x 2’ DICKSON 1966
‘Helen Traubel’ Full rich apricot tinged pink blooms.. Rather weak neck encouraging it to hang its head. 3’ 6’’ x 2’ SWIM USA 1951
‘Lady Sylvia’ Elegant buds opening to full flowers of soft flesh-pink with deeper shades and a wonderful perfume. 2 x 2’ STEVENS UK 1926
‘La France’ Historically important as the first H.T. Of great beauty, except in wet weather. Rose pink fully double scented blooms emerge from slender buds. 4 x 3’ GUILLOT FILS France 1865
‘Lady Mary Fitzwilliam’ Rediscovered near Watton, Norfolk by Keith Money in 1975. Freely produced very soft powder pink flowers flushed deeper in places. Shapely, double and scented. 2 x 2’ BENNETT UK 1882
‘Mme. Butterfly’ Similar in many respects to ‘Lady Sylvia’, several shades of soft pink to blush with lemon tinges. Free flowering over a long period. Very fragrant. 2 x 2’ HILL AND CO USA 1918
‘Mme. Caroline Testout’ Large globular, full satin pink flowers with deeper shadings. Very fragrant and free flowering. 3 x 2’ 6” PERNET DUCHER France 1890
‘McGredy's Yellow’ Shapely and unfading lemon flowers freely produced. Very few modern H.T.’s of this colour come close to it. 2 x 2’ McGredy UK 1934
‘Mrs Oakley Fisher’ Single blooms are large, a subtle combination of apricot and orange. Set off by good dark foliage. Highly scented and blooms continuously. 2 x 2’ CANT UK 1921
‘Norwich Cathedral’ Blooms are clear mid-yellow and nicely perfumed. Very free flowering. Introduced to commemorate the 900th anniversary of the Cathedral and diosease of Norwich. 2’ 6’’ x 2 ‘ Beales 1996
‘Ophelia’ Shapely, elegant buds opening to rich, blush pink blooms with deeper shadings. Slight lemon tints in the centre of each bloom. Highly fragrant. Continuous flowering. 2 x 2’ W.PAUL UK 1912
‘Papa Meilland’ A superb deep velvety-crimson bloom with obvious veining. Strong scent. Well armed with large thorns. 3 x 2’ MEILLAND France 1963
‘Pascali’ The blooms of this rose are shapely, free flowering, creamy-white on strong stems. An outstanding rose. Ideal for cutting and bringing indoors. 3’x 2’ LENS Belgium 1963
‘Peace’ Primrose yellow with soft pink shading this rose is sweetly scented. Healthy and vigorous with rich green glossy foliage. Extremely well known. Meilland 1945
‘Shot Silk’ Fragrant, cherry-cerise and golden yellow double blooms. Repeat to continuous flowering. 1’ 6’’ x 1’ 6’’ DICKSON UK 1924
‘Silver Wedding’ Full, shapely flowers of white to creamy-white, held firmly on a bushy plant with dark green foliage. This is a very popular gift for obvious reasons. Good for cutting. 2’ 6’’ x 2’ GREGORY UK 1976
‘Sir Frederick Ashton’ A white sport of ‘Anna Pavlova’ with all her characteristics including that wonderful perfume. 4 x 3’ BEALES UK 1987
‘Sutters Gold’ A free flowering, bright canary yellow with orange shadings. Prefers a good soil. Scented. 3’ x 2’ SWIM USA 1950.
‘The Doctor’ A famous old rose. Rich, silver pink with a satin sheen to the petals. Fully double, shapely, high centred and strongly scented. Repeat to continuous flowering. 2’ 6’’ x 2’ HOWARD USA 1936.
‘Violinista Costa’ Blowsy blooms freely produced on a healthy plant with glossy foliage. The colour is deep, silvery-pink with even deeper strawberry shadings. Well armed with thorns. 2’ 6’’ x 2’ CAMPRUBI Spain 1936
‘White Wings’ This pretty, single rose has large papery petals of white with pronounced, chocolate amber anthers. 3’ 6’’ x 3’ 6’’ KREBS USA 1947
Jo Hanslip
November 2010
The images are here:
Tea Roses and Hybrid Tea Roses
Our main topic, The Garden in December, was largely about damage in our discussions, considering what's going on outside, but here's the handout, in case a miracle happens...
GARDENING FOR PLEASURE
THE GARDEN IN DECEMBER
December can be a very good month to work in the garden. The weather is often good, and when it isn’t, you can plan for the coming year. Review what happened during the last twelve months, and if something isn’t working, admit it, look at it afresh, and come up with a solution.
1 TREES AND SHRUBS
Evergreens are star performers in the winter garden. Golden variegated leaves make a real splash of colour. Conifers add winter colour and structure, and a few tough broadleaved performers will give flowers as well. Cut berrying stems of holly required for decoration sooner rather than later, or the birds may beat you to them.
Shake heavy falls of snow from shrubs and hedges to help maintain their shape.
Acers, birches and vines should be pruned before Christmas, while they are dormant. If left any later, the pruning wounds will bleed with sap and weaken the plant.
Clear up the last of the fallen leaves.
Deciduous hedges that are overgrown can be pruned hard back.
Prune roses by half to prevent wind rock if this has not already been done.
Take hardwood cuttings from shrubs such as rubus, cornus, buddleja and willow. Look for strong, straight, healthy-looking stems and cut just above a bud. Choose stems that are about the thickness of a fat pencil. Make the cuttings about 9 inches in length, and trim each to just below the bottom bud. Either place in pots of well-drained compost in a cold greenhouse or coldframe, or insert in a trench lined with some sand.
2 PATHS , PATIOS AND FENCES
Clean moss from paths and patios or they can become dangerously slippery.
Repair fences and other structures while climbing plants are dormant.
3 ORNAMENTAL GARDEN
Replace worn turf in the lawn or around beds and borders. Spread fresh gravel on paths. Prune overhanging trees and shrubs. Check that all climbers are securely tied in to protect them from wind damage and to keep them looking tidy.
Borders
Hoe off weeds during mild dry weather. Cut back invasive roots of trees, shrubs and hedges.
Bulbs
Look for bulb bargains in garden centres. Tulips, alliums, fritillarias and April-flowering daffodils will all give good shows from late plantings. Even with bargains, check that bulbs are firm and show no sign of mould.
Bulbs that are stored in the dark for forcing should be inspected regularly. Check that the compost has not dried out, and water sparingly if necessary. Do not overwater or the bulbs could rot. When the tips of the leaves are 1-2 inches above the compost move the bulbs out of the dark to a greenhouse or cool windowsill. Once the leaves are around 4 inches high, the bulbs can be moved to a slightly warmer room.
Dahlias and gladioli
Examine stored tubers of dahlias – if they start to shrivel, plunge in a bucket of tepid water overnight. Cut away portions of tubers that have rotted and dust the cuts with flowers of sulphur.
Check stored gladioli corms and discard any that are diseased.
Irises
Water bulbous irises in pots and move earlier species into a cold greenhouse to encourage more rapid flowering.
Grapevines
Grapevines in the greenhouse can be pruned once the leaves have fallen. Cut back the side shoots to leave one good bud and take a third of this year’s growth off the main stem.
Herbaceous perennials and alpines
Sow slow-germinating seed and those that need exposure to frost. Stand outdoors, or in a cold frame, choosing a hard surface away from worms and the drip from trees.
4 KITCHEN GARDEN
Check stored fruit and vegetables, discarding any showing signs of rot.
Hoe off weeds during mild, dry weather. Remove old crops to the compost heap. If the soil is dry enough to walk on, continue digging in organic matter such as garden compost.
Fruit
There’s still time to buy bare-root fruit. If the ground is too frosty for planting, heel them in to a temporary spot until you can plant properly.
Bush apple and pear trees can be pruned throughout the winter while they are dormant, though it’s best to complete pruning by the end of the year if possible. Older trees that have formed dense heads need to be thinned to let light and air through the tree. Take off any tips that have been shrivelled by mildew – don’t compost them or the spores will spread.
Old mummified fruits on plums and apples indicate brown rot and should be removed. Do not compost.
If you have a fig tree, remove all unripe fruit except the tiny, pea-sized ones just visible at the junction of stem and bud, which will take 12 months to ripen, and will be ready for cropping next October. Larger ones that failed to ripen this autumn will not do so now, and will take energy from the tree.
Vegetables
Witloof chicory can be forced from December to April to produce fresh, crisp chicons.
Net winter greens against birds, and earth up Brussels sprouts plants to support them.
Herbs
Protect bay, rosemary and marjoram from severe winter weather.
Bring herbs such as mint and chives inside to force them.
Rhubarb
To enjoy the youngest, most tender pink shoots, force some now, if you have a clump you can afford to discard. Dig up a spare, established clump any time now, leave it lying on top of the ground for two or three weeks to get frosted, then pot it up with garden soil or compost and put it in the airing cupboard, or a warm, dark place. Shoots will be ready to pull within a month or so.
5 GREENHOUSE AND COLDFRAME
Sow geraniums now for early flowering next summer. Sow seed thinly onto moist compost. Cover with a little fine compost. Cover the pot and leave in a warm place- a windowsill by a radiator is ideal, but do not let the pot dry out. Germination should take place within 4 weeks.
If you sowed sweet peas last month, pinch out the tips of the seedlings to encourage bushy growth.
Regularly go through the greenhouse every week or so and have a quick tidy up. Remove and dispose of dead leaves and flowers and water plants sparingly – do so in the mornings so that water dries off the foliage quickly. This will help keep disease at bay. Overwintering tender perennials need to be kept on the dry side. They tolerate the cold much better if they have dry feet.
Keep an eye out for pests like vine weevil. Mice will be attracted to the protection of greenhouses and coldframes – take appropriate control measures.
Wash or scrape the greenhouse glass if it’s covered with green algae to make the most of low light levels.
6 POOLS
Keep a small area of the pool free of ice to permit toxic gases to escape.
7 WILDLIFE
Bird boxes should be cleaned of old nesting material, which can harbour parasites. Wash out with boiling water, and repair if necessary. Do this well before late winter, when some birds will already be selecting suitable nest sites ready for spring.
Feed the birds – this will keep them in your garden, hunting for overwintering pests.
8 GARDEN BUILDINGS
Make sure that garden buildings are sound and ready for bad weather. Insulate garden taps and any exposed pipework.
9 TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Clean and service tools and equipment as you put them away for the winter.
Clean pots and seedtrays in hot water and disinfectant, ready for spring.
Tidy the garden shed.
10 WINDOWSILL
Feed flowering pot plants weekly with a liquid fertiliser.
Keep houseplants in brighter places in winter as light levels fall.
Houseplants are a favourite Christmas present, but all have different requirements. The most popular ones are :
Poinsettia like a warm room and need to be kept moist but not waterlogged. Never buy one that has been exposed to the cold.
Cyclamen need a good light and cool conditions. Avoid splashing water on the corm.
Azaleas detest a hot, dry atmosphere and especially central heating. Never allow them to dry out and give them a cool position on a windowsill or in a porch or conservatory.
11 ARMCHAIR
Plan what you want to grow next year. Look at the diary you kept or the photographs you took, so that you can look back at successes as well as mistakes.
12 CHRISTMAS
Christmas is coming, so why not make a winter wreathe? Make or buy a strong wire frame and cover with damp moss, secured by wrapping string round and round. Tie a few sprigs of green foliage together with thin wire and secure to the frame. Continue until the whole frame is covered. Add decorative material like bunches of berries (e.g. from crab apples, cotoneasters, shrub roses, gladwyn irises), variegated foliage and fir cones. If you spray the fruit with hair lacquer, this will hold in moisture and they will be less likely to drop. Add a wide bow of red ribbon and voila!
Jo Hanslip
November 1999
Last revision November 2010
And here are seasonal plants, if any dare show their heads...
GARDENING FOR PLEASURE
SEASONAL PLANTS FOR DECEMBER
Border and rock garden
Name Common Name
Hyacinths
Iris unguicularis
Narcissus ‘Paper White’
Narcissus ‘Soleil D’Or’
Phormium
Trees and Shrubs in flower
Name Common Name
Chimonanthus Wintersweet
Erica carnea Heather
Hamamelis mollis Witch hazel
Lonicera purpusii Winter honeysuckle
Jasminum nudiflorum Winter jasmine
Mahonia
Trees and shrubs with colourful fruit
Name Common Name
Arbutus Strawberry tree
Aucuba Spotted laurel
Callicarpa Beauty Berry
Gaultheria
Nandina domestica Heavenly Bamboo
Pyracantha Firethorn
Skimmia
Sorbus Mountain ash
Water plants in flower
Name Common Name
Aponogeton Water Hawthorn
Greenhouse plants in flower
Name Common Name
Aphelandra Zebra plant
Azalea indica
Begonia
Chrysanthemum
Cineraria
Cyclamen persicum
Euphorbia pulcherrima Poinsettia
Primula kewensis
Primula obconica
House plants in flower/fruit
Name Common Name
Begonia semperflorens
Chlorophytum Spider plant
Cyclamen persicum Cyclamen
Euphorbia pulcherrima Poinsettia
Saintpaulia African Violet
Solanum capsicastrum Winter cherry
Zygocactus truncatus Christmas cactus
Vegetables in season
Artichoke, Jerusalem
Beet, seakale
Brussels sprouts
Cabbage
Carrots
Chicory
Leek
Marrow
Onion
Parsnip
Radicchio
Radish Winter
Salsify
Scorzonera
Spinach Beet
Swede
Turnip
Oriental greens
Jo Hanslip
November 1999
Revised November 2005
Have a super Christmas, and hope to see you safe and sound in the new year.
Term starts again week beginning 18 January 2011.
Best wishes
Jo