Your starting point is determined by your family. Yes, a peasant will never inherit a title, but it'd be wrong to take that fact and assume that nobody can improve their situation, economically speaking.
My husband wouldn't. His father once told me that if I were his own daughter, he'd beat me. But I'm not, and if either of them, or anyone else, ever tried to mistreat me that way, I wouldn't tolerate it! I'd take the children and go back to stay with my own parents. Although I'm a Marshal, and outspoken with it, most women wouldn't have that confidence. As for the charter, if you knew half of the atrocities the king was responsible for, you'd be in favor of it, I'm sure.
You're also assuming that a woman of my station wouldn't know anything about politics, then. Let me assure you, my intellect is not inferior, whatever men who think themselves wise might have to say about it.
Yes. Almost. You choose your spouse to political advantage. If you're fortunate, they're also attractive. If not, and you're a man, you can always take a lover anyway. Choosing a spouse purely on the basis of attraction is the sort of thing that a lovesick girl would do, isn't it? Not all choices are good ones.