Alfred's also the one who insisted that Bruce should take Tim as Robin, though, so this isn't the first time that the moral caution of the inner Batfamily does something we on the outside would find arguable if not outright unacceptable.
But I agree that Damian has a lot more problems than the average Batkid. For one, he killed people as Robin and nothing happened.
Putting on a Robin suit is going to make this kid a better person?!
In general, it's supposed to be the idea. At least it was the case with Cass, and it was in the background with Jason. Theoretically, I guess that Alfred/Dick/Bruce thought that by making Damian Robin, they could put him in a position to relate to other people. His number one role would be to protect people, fighting being only the means. So far it doesn't seem like it's been really explored or the main theme.