1. 日 日夜(にちや)day and night 日中(にっちゅう)during the day 本日(ほんじつ)today 平日(へいじつ)weekday 日時(にちじ)date, time 生年月日(せいねんがっぴ)date of birth 日月(じつげつ)sun and moon; time, days, years 土日(どにち)Saturday and Sunday, weekend 来日する(らいにちする)come to Japan
2. 一 一方(いっぽう)in the mean time, only 一部(いちぶ)part, portion, section; copy (of a book) 一家(いっか)family, household, one's family; style (of established reputation) 一大事(いちだいじ)matter of great importance 一々(いちいち)one by one; in detail 一部分(いちぶぶん)part, portion, section 一心に(いっしんに)wholeheartedly, with one's whole heart 一見(いっけん)a look, a glance; apparently 一晩中(ひとばんじゅう)all night 一先ず(ひとまず)for the time being 一昔(ひとむかし)age, generation; decade 一つ目の(ひとつめの)one-eyed
3. 国 国家(こっか)state, country, nation 国会(こっかい)National Diet; national assembly, congress 国民(こくみん)people, nation; the people 国外の(こくがいの)foreign, external 国名(こくめい)country name 全国(ぜんこく)whole country 国立(こくりつ)national 国力(こくりょく)national power; national resources 国語(こくご)national language, Japanese 国々(くにぐに)nations
4. 十 十分な(じゅうぶんな)full, enough, sufficient; plentiful 十全の(じゅうぜんの)perfect, absolute 十人十色(じゅうにんといろ)So many men, so many minds
5. 大 大小(だいしょう)large and small; size; long and short swords 大会(たいかい)mass meeting, rally; meet, tournament 大金(たいきん)large sum of money 大正(たいしょう)Taisho Era 大病な(たいびょうな)serious illness, dangerous disease 大切な(たいせつな)important, weighty; valuable 大使(たいし)ambassador 大国(たいこく)world power, great country; large country 大事(だいじ)great thing, serious affair; importance 女子大生(じょしだいせい)female university student 東大(とうだい)Tokyo University 大半(たいはん)the greater part, majority 大部分(だいぶぶん)most, greater part; mostly, for the most part 大手(おおて)major companies 大水(おおみず)flood, inundation 大雪(おおゆき)heavy snow 大物(おおもの)great man, big shot 大方(おおかた)almost, nearly; probably 大まかな(おおまかな)rough, general, broad 大人(おとな)adult 大人しい(おとなしい)gentle, meek 大和(やまと)Yamato
6. 会 会話(かいわ)conversation 会見(かいけん)interview, audience 会食する(かいしょくする)dine together 会合(かいごう)meeting, gathering 大会(たいかい)mass meeting, rally; meet, tournament 国会(こっかい)National Diet; national assembly, congress 社会(しゃかい)society, the world イエズス会(いえずすかい)Society of Jesus 会心の(かいしんの)congenial, satisfying, after one's heart 都会(とかい)city, town 人に会う(ひとにあう)meet (see) a person 立ち会う(たちあう)attend, take part in, witness
7. 人 人間(にんげん)human being, man; people, mankind 人工の(じんこうの)artificial 人民(じんみん)the people, populace, subjects 人気(にんき)popularity, temperament of the people, business conditions 人名(じんめい)personal name 見物人(けんぶつにん)spectator, sightseer 料理人(りょうりにん)cook 人殺し(ひとごろし)murder; murderer 人手(ひとで)turnout, crowd 人だかりがする be crowded with people 人だかり crowd, throng 人事(ひとごと)other people's affairs 人見知りする(ひとみしりする)be shy of strangers 人目(ひとめ)attention, public notice お人よし(おひとよし)good-natured person; credulous person 大人(おとな)adult
8. 年 年々(ねんねん)year by year, annually 年度(ねんど)year, fiscal year; school year; term 年間(ねんかん)period of one year 年月(ねんげつ)years (and months), time 年月日(ねんがっぴ)date 年金(ねんきん)annuity, pension 定年(ていねん)mandatory retirement age 晩年(ばんねん)late in life 年代(ねんだい)age, era, period, date お年玉(おとしだま)New Year's (money) gift 年取った(としとった)old, aged
10. 本 本位(ほんい)(monetary) standard; standard, basis; original standing 元本(がんぽん)capital, principal 本国(ほんごく)one's native country, fatherland 本来(ほんらい)originally, essentially, naturally 見本(みほん)sample, specimen 手本(てほん)model, example, pattern 読本(とくほん)reader, reading book 単行本(たんこうぼん)separate volume, independent volume 台本(だいほん)playbook, script, scenario 本日(ほんじつ)today 本人(ほんにん)the person himself; the said person 本年度(ほんねんど)current fiscal year 本部(ほんぶ)head office, headquarters, administrative building 本店(ほんてん)head (main) office (store) 本社(ほんしゃ)head office, this office; head shrine, this shrine 本土(ほんど)mainland, the country proper 本文(ほんぶん)(main part of a text) text, body; this sentence (passage, article) 本物(ほんもの)real thing (stuff), genuine article, expert performance 本名(ほんみょう)one's real name 本心(ほんしん)one's true mind, one's real intention; one's conscience 一本取る(いっぽんとる)gain a point; beat, upset 本を出す(ほんをだす)publish a book 国の本(くにのもと)foundation of the country, national principles